Probability density.
Answer:- The probability of finding an electron at a point in an atom is proportional to the square of the orbital wave function.Thus, is called probability density.
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What is orbital ?
Answer:- An orbital may be defined as a three dimensional space around the nucleus where the probability of finding the electron is maximum.
Aufbau principle.
Answer:- According to this principle“electrons are filled in various molecular orbitals in the increasing order of their energies”(,i.e molecular orbital with less energy is filled first.
Promotional energy.
Answer:- The energy needed to promote an electron from lower energy orbital to higher energy orbital is called promotional energy.
Pauli's exclusion principle.
Answer:- According to Pauli's exclusion principle, an orbital can have a maximum of two electrons and these two electrons must be of opposite spin.
Hund's rule.
Answer:- According to this rule,“no electron pairing takes place in the orbitals of p,d and f-subshells until each orbital is singly filled with electrons having parallel spins.”
Degenerate orbitals.
Answer:- The various orbitals present in the same subshell possess equal energy.Thus the energy of all the three orbitals of any level is the same.These are called degenerate orbitals.
Particle nature of electrons.
Answer:- When electrons are allowed to hit at zinc sulphide coated on a plate, each striking electron produces a spot of light called scintillation.This scintillation is not spread out of an area like a wave.so, electron has a particle nature.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Answer:- It is impossible to measure simultaneously both the position and velocity or momentum of a microscopic particle with absolute accuracy or certainty.