Mind map for Aldehydes
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Why NOT get is called inverter ?
Answer:- NOT gate is also called as inverter because it's output signal is just inverse of it's input signal. I.e if input signal value is ‘1’ then it's output signal value is ‘0’ or if input signal value is ‘0’ then it's output signal value is ‘1’.
What is p-n junction ?
Answer:- A p-n junction is formed when we add a pentavalent impurity in a p-type semiconductor. l.e in a p-n junction one side is p-type semiconductor & another side is n-type semiconductor with forming a depletion region in their junction. A p-n junction is symbolically represented as, A p-n junction is generally called a Semiconductor diode.
What is forward biasing ?
Answer:- In forward biasing process positive terminal of battery connected in p-side & negative terminal of battery connected n-side of semiconductor diode. positive charge are flow from positive terminal to p-side therefore holes are move towards depletion layer(due to repulsion) & negative charge are flow from negative terminal to n-side so electrons of n-side diode move towards depletion layer (due to repulsion). After some time depletion layer became diffused(cancelled out) and current flow from positive to negative terminal of battery.So current flow in only one direction in Semiconductor.The above process is known as forward biasing
What is forbidden or energy gap ?
Answer:- The gap between the top of the valence band and bottom of the conduction band is called the forbidden gap or energy gap.
What is dialysis process ?
Answer:- It is a process of removing a dissolved substance from a colloidal solution by means of diffusion through suitable membrane.To purify a colloidal solution we use dialysis process.
What is displacement current ?
Answer:- The current which is produced due to changing electric field that current is called displacement current.In between the two plate of capacitor their exist a displacement current.
What is Electromagnetic wave?
Answer:- An electromagnetic wave is composed of oscillating electric & magnetic fields.In which electric & magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other & also perpendicular to direction of propagation of wave. That means these are mutually perpendicular to each other. I.e
What is saturated solution ?
Answer:- If a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a fixed temperature & pressure then that solution is called saturated solution.
What is ideal solution ?
Answer:- The solutions which obey Raoult's law over the entire range of their Vapourisation and condensation are called ideal solution. It means no heat is absorbed or evolved when the processes occur and Volume of the solution would be equal to the sum of volumes of the two component after the processes.
What is boiling point ?
Answer:- Boiling point of a liquid is defined as the temperature at which Vapour pressure of that liquid is equal to atmospheric pressure.
Hypotonic solution
Answer:- The solution which have less amount of solute(that means more solvent) is called hypotonic solution.
Hypertonic solution
Answer:- The solution which have more no. of solute is called hypertonic solution.
Isotonic solution
Answer:- Two solutions have same osmotic pressure at a given temperature is known as isotonic solution.When such solutions are separated by semipermeable membrane no osmosis occurs between them.
Difference between Vapour pressure & partial pressure
Answer:- Vapour pressure • pressure exercted by Vapour of the liquid (or solid) on their Piston which closed them in a vessel is called their Vapour pressure. Partial pressure:- • The pressure exercted by each gas in a gas mixture is called partial pressure of that gas.
What is molality ?
Answer:- Molality of a solute is defined as the no. of moles of that solute per kilogram(Kg)of the solvent.I.e Molality=moles of solute/mass of solvent in Kg .
What is molarity ?
Answer:- Molarity of a solute is defined as the no. of moles of that solute dissolved in one litre of solution. I.e Molarity=No. Of moles/volume
What is solubility ?
Answer:- Solubility of a substance is it's maximum amount that can be dissolved in a specified amount of solvent at a specified temperature.It depends upon the nature of solute and solvent as well as temperature and pressure.
What is binary solution ?
Answer:- If any solution have only two components (i.e one solute & one solvent)then that solution is known as binary solution.
What is solvent ?
Answer:- The component that is present in largest quantity in solution is called solvent.solvent determines the physical state in which solution exists.
What is Resistivity in electrolytic cell ?
Answer:- Qualitatively, Resistivity defined as the resistance due to all the ions present in 1ml of electrolytes in a electrolytic cell. Quantitatively, Resistivity=RA/L Where,R=resistance A=area of electrolytic cell L=length of electrolytic cell
What is conductivity in electrolytic cell ?
Answer:- Qualitatively, conductivity is defined as the conductance due to all the ions present in 1ml of electrolytes in electrolytic cell. Or Quantitatively, conductivity=1/Resistivity
Difference between electrochemical & electrolytic cell
Answer:- ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTROLYTIC CELL CELL • Chemical energy • Electrical energy converted into elec- converted into c- -trical energy. -hemical energy. • Chemical reaction • Chemical reactio is spontaneous. -n is non-spontan- eous. • Anode is negative. • Anode is positive and cathode is and cathode is positive. negative. • Electrons move • Electrons enter from anode to the cell through cathode in the cathode to anode. external circuit.
Electrolytic conductor
Answer:- The substance which conduct electricity in their molten state (or ionic state)is known as electrolytic conductor (or simply electrolytes). e.g Acids,Bases,Salts etc.
what is reduction potential ?
Answer:- The tendency of an electrode to gain electrons is known as reduction potential.
What is oxidation potential ?
Answer:- The tendency of an electrode to loose electrons is called oxidation potential.
Why light bent when it goes one medium to other.
Answer:- Light has wavefronts which are perpendicular to motion of light Consider a air-water interface, when light travel rarer to denser medium one part of the wavefront first enters the water which became gain low speed while other part is in air which has high speed as compared to water.so the light bents towards the low speed of wavefront.same phenomenon is occur when light goes from denser to rarer medium. It is the answer to the question why light bents when it travel one medium to other.
Why electric field inside a hallow shell is zero.
Reason :- Charge resides only on the surface of conductor so the total charge of hallow shell(shell means closed surface) lies on their surface.Therefore charge inside the hallow shell is zero. According to Gauss's theorem Integration of E•dA=q(inside)/epsilon Here total charge inside the hallow shell is zero So integration of E•dA=0/epsilon=0 That implies E=0 It is the answer to the question why electric field inside the hallow shell is zero.
Ampere's circuital law
Answer:- Ampere circuital law considers an open surface with a boundry Statement: It states that close integral of B•dl is equal to μ times total current passing through the surface. I.e Where,I is the total current through surface
Faraday's first law of electrolysis
Answer:- Statement- The mass of a substance deposited or liberated( in form of gas ) at a particular electrode is directly proportional to amount of charge passing through the electrolyte. i.e mass proportional to charge Mathematically, M=ZQ Where,Z=proportionality constant called electrochemical equivalent. ★ If current, i passing through the electrolyte in time, t then Q=it M=Zit
what is trajectory of projectile ?
Answer:- The path followed by a projectile during it's motion is called trajectory of that projectile or simply path of that projectile.
What is isotones ?
Answer:- Atoms of different elements having same number of neutrons are called isotones. e.g Si & P Atomic no. of si is 14 Atomic mass is 30 Neutron=30-14=16 Similarly, Atomic no. of P is 15 Atomic mass is 31 Neutron=31-15=16 Both have same no. of neutron so they are called isotones.
Difference between molecularity & order of reaction
Answer:- order of Molecularity reaction Common points:- • It's value does not •Its value also exceed three. does not exceed three. • Depends upon the •It also depends Condition of a react upon the conidti ion. on of a reaction. Difference points:- • It is always a whole • It may be posit number,non-zero,non- ive or negative in negative. teger, zero, frac- tion. • It can be obtained • It can obtai- from a simple balanced ned only chemical reaction. experimental- y.
what is molecularity ?
Answer:- Molecularity of a reaction is defined as the no. Of reacting species( may be molecules,atoms,ions)which collides simultaneously to bring about a chemical reaction.molecularity is only defined for single step reactions.Depending upon the no. Of reactant species it may be bi,tri,tetra molecular reaction.
What is motional emf ?
Answer:- The emf which induced in the conductor due to their motion in magnetic field is called motional emf. e.g We know conductor have free electrons so when it move in magnetic field correspondingly electrons are moved therefore magnetic field produced force in electrons as the result their is a potential difference creat in the conductor which potential difference is called motional emf because it generate due to motion of the conductor in magnetic field.
what is wattless current ?
Answer:- The current in an AC circuit is said to be wattless current when the average power consumed in such circuit is zero. e.g P(average)=0 means the vertical component is zero so the vertical component of current is called wattless current.
Difference between AC & DC
Answer :- Direct current Alternating current • current flow only • current changes its One direction direction periodicly • It cannot transfer • It can travel at long at long distance distance • Frequency is zero • Frequency is 50hz in DC. 60hz in AC • source is battery • source is generator • DC circuit have • AC circuit have resi only resistor tor capacitor and inductor • power factor is. • power factor lies always 1. 0 to 1. • Less economical • Highly economical
What is Eddy current ?
Answer:- We know when magnetic flux linked with a circuit Changes their is a induced emf generate in the circuit which is called induced emf. Look at the figure In the given circuit 'i' increases so their is a induced emf in the copper wire which is called induced emf. And also their is a induced emf in the iron bar which is called Eddy current.